60:I[314491,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3arlv5bvukoo2.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/39v64hmfyo-sr.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2nvof3-29tvc3.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3tjobt77z_9dj.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/04j_o97cgxn2x.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3upr08c9vtj8w.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1ww0328si-u8x.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/11mfl5ymqld9-.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2xxcqy6ppds3l.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1bpgyrs5qflhu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0-6vu2ul1h6ld.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/43_s7jweyypoh.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/0p6vao205o1jc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1_kyvgkyokw92.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1lo-zn37dolb5.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1v8k6yxw1rg0u.js"],"FilesView"] 61:Tb110,import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react"; // What the tube measures. The printed scale on the paper is redrawn from these. const MAX = 250; // millilitres at the far end const START = 168; // the value it opens on const UNIT = "ml"; const MAJOR = 50; // a numeral every fifty const MINOR = 10; // a tick every ten // The line under the number changes as the dose crosses each of these. const notes: [number, string][] = [ [0, "Clear water, nothing in the line"], [1, "A pale wash for skies"], [70, "A glaze, built up in two coats"], [140, "Solid colour in a single coat"], [215, "Straight from the tube"], ]; const DEMO = [62, 214, 120, START]; // where the self-running demo walks to const FONT = '"Inter Tight", "Inter", ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif'; const SERIF = '"Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Book Antiqua", Georgia, serif'; // Scene units: where the bead sits at zero and at MAX, along the tube. const X0 = -2.2, X1 = 2.2, AXIS = 0.7; const xOf = (v: number) => X0 + (Math.max(0, Math.min(MAX, v)) / MAX) * (X1 - X0); const vOf = (x: number) => Math.round(((Math.max(X0, Math.min(X1, x)) - X0) / (X1 - X0)) * MAX); const noteFor = (v: number) => notes.reduce((a, n) => (v >= n[0] ? n[1] : a), notes[0][1]); const VERT = `ATTR vec2 aPos; void main(){ gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 0.0, 1.0); }`; const TONE = ` vec3 tone(vec3 x){ x *= 0.92; vec3 a = x * (2.51 * x + 0.03); vec3 b = x * (2.43 * x + 0.59) + 0.14; return pow(clamp(a / b, 0.0, 1.0), vec3(1.0 / 2.2)); } `; // The photograph. The glass, the liquid and the bead are traced exactly (cylinders and spheres have // closed-form hits), the brass end blocks are signed-distance geometry, and the light on the paper // is worked out by asking what the tube does to a ray on its way from the softbox. const SCENE = ` precision highp float; uniform vec2 uRes; uniform vec4 uJit; uniform float uSeed; uniform vec3 uCam; uniform vec3 uTgt; uniform float uFoc; uniform vec2 uShift; uniform float uFocus; uniform float uBall; uniform float uFront; uniform float uTilt; uniform float uKey; uniform vec2 uWave; uniform sampler2D uTex; uniform float uDirect; const float H = 0.70; const float R1 = 0.40; const float R2 = 0.31; const float RB = 0.293; const float XE = 2.62; const float XC = 2.84; const float MD = 0.3; const float MR = 0.302; const vec3 LK = vec3(0.0, 0.6225, 0.7826); const float X0 = -2.2; const float X1 = 2.2; const float TICKS = ${MAX / MINOR}.0; const vec3 SIG = vec3(6.4, 4.0, 0.3); const vec3 KEYC = vec3(1.0, 0.96, 0.9); const vec3 BRASS = vec3(0.96, 0.69, 0.3); ${TONE} float h11(float p){ p = fract(p * 0.1031); p *= p + 33.33; p *= p + p; return fract(p); } float h21(vec2 p){ vec3 q = fract(vec3(p.xyx) * 0.1031); q += dot(q, q.yzx + 33.33); return fract((q.x + q.y) * q.z); } float n1(float x){ float i = floor(x); float f = fract(x); f = f * f * (3.0 - 2.0 * f); return mix(h11(i), h11(i + 1.0), f); } float n2(vec2 x){ vec2 i = floor(x); vec2 f = fract(x); f = f * f * (3.0 - 2.0 * f); return mix(mix(h21(i), h21(i + vec2(1.0, 0.0)), f.x), mix(h21(i + vec2(0.0, 1.0)), h21(i + vec2(1.0, 1.0)), f.x), f.y); } // ---- the two brass end blocks (mirrored in x) ---- float map(vec3 p){ vec3 q = vec3(abs(p.x) - XC, p.y - 0.61, p.z); vec3 e = abs(q) - vec3(0.2, 0.59, 0.54); float d = length(max(e, 0.0)) + min(max(e.x, max(e.y, e.z)), 0.0) - 0.02; d = max(d, (abs(q.x) + abs(q.z) - 0.73) * 0.7071); d = max(d, (abs(q.x) + q.y - 0.78) * 0.7071); d = max(d, (abs(q.z) + q.y - 1.1) * 0.7071); return d; } vec3 calcN(vec3 p){ vec2 e = vec2(0.0012, -0.0012); return normalize(e.xyy * map(p + e.xyy) + e.yyx * map(p + e.yyx) + e.yxy * map(p + e.yxy) + e.xxx * map(p + e.xxx)); } vec2 boxSpan(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, vec3 lo, vec3 hi){ vec3 inv = 1.0 / (rd + vec3(1e-6)); vec3 a = (lo - ro) * inv; vec3 b = (hi - ro) * inv; vec3 mn = min(a, b); vec3 mx = max(a, b); return vec2(max(max(mn.x, mn.y), max(mn.z, 0.0)), min(mx.x, min(mx.y, mx.z))); } float marchSide(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, float sx, int steps){ vec2 tb = boxSpan(ro, rd, vec3(sx > 0.0 ? 2.58 : -3.1, 0.0, -0.6), vec3(sx > 0.0 ? 3.1 : -2.58, 1.25, 0.6)); if (tb.x > tb.y) return -1.0; float t = tb.x; for (int i = 0; i < 56; i++) { if (i >= steps) break; float d = map(ro + rd * t); if (d < 0.0008) return t; t += d * 0.85; if (t > tb.y) break; } return -1.0; } float marchCap(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, int steps){ float a = marchSide(ro, rd, -1.0, steps); float b = marchSide(ro, rd, 1.0, steps); if (a < 0.0) return b; if (b < 0.0) return a; return min(a, b); } float capAO(vec3 p, vec3 n){ float o = 0.0; float s = 1.0; for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) { float h = 0.015 + 0.06 * float(i); o += (h - min(map(p + n * h), p.y + n.y * h)) * s; s *= 0.7; } return clamp(1.0 - 2.2 * o, 0.0, 1.0); } float capShadow(vec3 ro){ if (abs(ro.x) < 1.9 || abs(ro.x) > 3.9 || ro.z > 0.8 || ro.z < -3.0) return 1.0; float res = 1.0; float t = 0.04; for (int i = 0; i < 18; i++) { float h = map(ro + LK * t); res = min(res, 7.0 * h / t); t += clamp(h, 0.04, 0.3); if (res < 0.01 || t > 2.6) break; } return clamp(res, 0.0, 1.0); } // ---- closed-form hits ---- bool cylHit(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, float R, out float t0, out float t1){ vec2 o = vec2(ro.y - H, ro.z); vec2 d = rd.yz; float a = dot(d, d); t0 = -1.0; t1 = -1.0; if (a < 1e-7) return false; float b = dot(o, d); float c = dot(o, o) - R * R; float h = b * b - a * c; if (h < 0.0) return false; h = sqrt(h); t0 = (-b - h) / a; t1 = (-b + h) / a; return true; } float ballHit(vec3 ro, vec3 rd){ vec3 oc = ro - vec3(uBall, H, 0.0); float b = dot(oc, rd); float c = dot(oc, oc) - RB * RB; float h = b * b - c; if (h < 0.0) return -1.0; return -b - sqrt(h); } // The liquid ends in a dished meniscus: a piece of a sphere whose centre sits on the dry side. vec3 menC(){ return vec3(uFront + MD, H + uTilt, 0.0); } float menHit(vec3 ro, vec3 rd){ vec3 mc = menC(); vec3 oc = ro - mc; float b = dot(oc, rd); float c = dot(oc, oc) - MR * MR; float h = b * b - c; if (h < 0.0) return -1.0; h = sqrt(h); float t = -b - h; if (t > 2e-4 && (ro.x + rd.x * t) < mc.x) return t; t = -b + h; if (t > 2e-4 && (ro.x + rd.x * t) < mc.x) return t; return -1.0; } bool inLiq(vec3 p){ vec3 mc = menC(); return p.x < mc.x && length(p - mc) > MR; } // ---- the room ---- float rectL(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, vec3 c, vec3 n, vec3 u, vec3 v, vec2 hs, float soft){ float dn = dot(rd, n); if (dn > -1e-4) return 0.0; float t = dot(c - ro, n) / dn; if (t < 0.0) return 0.0; vec3 q = ro + rd * t - c; float s = soft * t; vec2 d = abs(vec2(dot(q, u), dot(q, v))) - hs; float cloth = 1.0 - 0.25 * clamp(length(vec2(dot(q, u), dot(q, v)) / hs), 0.0, 1.4); return smoothstep(s, -s, d.x) * smoothstep(s, -s, d.y) * cloth; } vec3 env(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, float rough){ float soft = 0.03 + rough * 0.7; // a pale cove behind the set, an unlit room behind the camera float back = smoothstep(-0.75, 0.3, rd.z); vec3 c = mix(vec3(0.05, 0.048, 0.046), vec3(0.8, 0.775, 0.73), back) * (0.1 + 0.9 * smoothstep(0.7, 0.1, rd.y)); // the foot of the cove is lit from the floor: a bright band right on the horizon c += vec3(1.0, 0.96, 0.9) * 0.9 * back * exp(-pow((rd.y - 0.1) / (0.09 + rough * 0.3), 2.0)); // the key: a big scrim high behind the tube, so the liquid is lit through vec3 kn = -LK; c += KEYC * 9.0 * rectL(ro, rd, vec3(uKey, 6.6, 8.3), kn, vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), normalize(cross(kn, vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0))), vec2(3.4, 1.3), soft); // a long strip overhead: it is the line of light that runs the length of the glass c += vec3(0.95, 0.97, 1.0) * 6.0 * rectL(ro, rd, vec3(uKey * 0.6, 7.0, -0.9), vec3(0.0, -1.0, 0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), vec2(5.2, 0.6), soft); // a warm card low on the camera's left vec3 ln = normalize(vec3(1.0, -0.1, 0.55)); c += vec3(1.0, 0.9, 0.78) * 2.4 * rectL(ro, rd, vec3(-8.0, 2.4, -4.2), ln, normalize(cross(vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), ln)), vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), vec2(1.1, 2.3), soft); return c; } // What reaches a point from the key once the tube and the bead have had their say. The filled // length is a rod lens: it starves its flanks and burns one line of colour down the middle. vec3 lightT(vec3 g){ vec2 o = vec2(g.y - H, g.z); vec2 d = vec2(LK.y, LK.z); float s = -dot(o, d); float u = (o.x * d.y - o.y * d.x) / R1; float au = abs(u); float xc = g.x + LK.x * s; float inx = smoothstep(XE + 0.04, XE - 0.04, abs(xc)) * step(0.0, s); float blur = 0.05 + 0.05 * s; float fill = smoothstep(uFront + 0.26 + blur * 0.4, uFront + 0.1 - blur * 0.4, xc); float wall = smoothstep(0.6, 0.86, au) * smoothstep(1.0 + blur, 1.0 - blur, au); float lip = exp(-pow((au - 0.5) / 0.1, 2.0)); vec3 Te = vec3(1.0 - 0.66 * wall + 0.2 * lip) * vec3(0.93, 1.0, 0.96); float inside = smoothstep(1.0 + blur, 1.0 - blur, au); float chord = 2.0 * R2 * sqrt(max(1.0 - au * au, 0.0)); // after the liquid has been thrown about, its line of light shivers along the paper float rip = uWave.x * smoothstep(uFront + 0.3, uFront - 1.6, xc); u += rip * 0.12 * (sin(xc * 6.0 + uWave.y) + 0.6 * sin(xc * 13.7 - uWave.y * 1.7 + 1.3)); float knot = 1.0 + rip * 0.9 * sin(xc * 9.0 - uWave.y * 1.4 + 0.8); float w = (0.085 + 0.035 * s) * (1.0 + rip * 0.9 * sin(xc * 9.0 - uWave.y * 1.4)); vec3 Tl = vec3(0.012, 0.07, 0.5) * (0.55 + 0.45 * chord / (2.0 * R2)) + vec3(0.5, 1.2, 4.2) * knot * exp(-pow(u / w, 2.0)) + vec3(0.02, 0.14, 0.9) * exp(-pow(u / (w * 3.2), 2.0)); Tl = mix(vec3(1.0), Tl, inside); vec3 T = mix(vec3(1.0), mix(Te, Tl, fill), inx); // the bead vec3 oc = g - vec3(uBall, H, 0.0); float b = dot(oc, LK); float c = dot(oc, oc) - RB * RB; float h = b * b - c; float dd = sqrt(max(0.0, RB * RB - h)) - RB; float t = -b - sqrt(max(h, 0.0)); if (t > 0.0) T *= 0.04 + 0.96 * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, 9.0 * dd / t + 0.35); return T; } vec3 paper(vec3 gp){ float fib = n2(gp.xz * 90.0) * 0.6 + n2(gp.xz * vec2(310.0, 260.0)) * 0.4; vec3 alb = vec3(0.8, 0.77, 0.72) * (0.965 + 0.07 * fib); vec2 uv = vec2((gp.x + 2.6) / 5.2, (-1.36 - gp.z) / 0.65); if (uv.x > 0.0 && uv.x < 1.0 && uv.y > 0.0 && uv.y < 1.0) alb = mix(alb, vec3(0.05, 0.052, 0.065), texture2D(uTex, uv).r * 0.96); return alb; } float groundAO(vec3 gp){ float tube = exp(-pow(gp.z / 0.45, 2.0)) * smoothstep(XE + 0.3, XE - 0.2, abs(gp.x)); float cap = smoothstep(0.0, 0.42, map(gp + vec3(0.0, 0.03, 0.0))); return (1.0 - 0.34 * tube) * (0.25 + 0.75 * cap); } vec3 groundLite(vec3 gp){ // under the full length of the tube the paper picks up blue from the liquid above it float under = exp(-pow((gp.z + 0.1) / 0.5, 2.0)) * smoothstep(uFront + 0.3, uFront, gp.x) * smoothstep(-XE - 0.1, -XE + 0.2, gp.x); float pool = 0.22 + 0.78 * smoothstep(8.5, 1.0, length((gp.xz - vec2(0.5, -0.5)) * vec2(0.8, 1.0))); return paper(gp) * (KEYC * 1.02 * lightT(gp) * capShadow(gp + vec3(0.0, 0.01, 0.0)) * pool + mix(vec3(0.24, 0.255, 0.29), vec3(0.1, 0.16, 0.5), under * 0.75) * groundAO(gp) * (0.5 + 0.5 * pool)); } // The room as a shiny thing sees it: lights above, the lit paper below. vec3 envAll(vec3 p, vec3 r, float rough){ if (r.y < -0.002) { float t = -p.y / r.y; if (t < 30.0) return mix(groundLite(p + r * t), vec3(0.3), smoothstep(8.0, 30.0, t)); } return env(p, r, rough); } vec3 fres(vec3 f0, float c){ return f0 + (1.0 - f0) * pow(1.0 - clamp(c, 0.0, 1.0), 5.0); } // A cheap stand-in for the tube, for the things that mirror it. vec4 tubeProxy(vec3 ro, vec3 rd){ float t0; float t1; if (cylHit(ro, rd, R1, t0, t1) && t0 > 0.0) { vec3 p = ro + rd * t0; if (abs(p.x) < XE) { vec3 n = normalize(vec3(0.0, p.y - H, p.z)); float rim = pow(1.0 - abs(dot(n, rd)), 2.0); float fill = smoothstep(uFront + 0.2, uFront + 0.12, p.x); vec3 c = mix(mix(vec3(0.66, 0.65, 0.62), vec3(0.2), rim), mix(vec3(0.03, 0.14, 0.95), vec3(0.01, 0.02, 0.2), rim), fill); float tb = ballHit(ro, rd); if (tb > 0.0) { vec3 bn = normalize(ro + rd * tb - vec3(uBall, H, 0.0)); c = mix(vec3(0.1), vec3(0.75), smoothstep(-0.5, 0.9, bn.y + bn.z * 0.5)); } return vec4(c, t0); } } return vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0); } vec3 shadeCap(vec3 p, vec3 n, vec3 rd, float full){ vec3 gn = n; float rough = 0.035; float spread = 0.0; vec3 bit = vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); float wide = 0.05; vec3 an = abs(n); if (max(an.x, max(an.y, an.z)) > 0.97) { // the flats are brushed in straight strokes, which drag every light into a streak across them float k = an.x > 0.9 ? p.z : p.x; bit = an.x > 0.9 ? vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0) : vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); n = normalize(n + bit * ((n1(k * 620.0) - 0.5) * 0.07 + (n1(k * 140.0 + 3.0) - 0.5) * 0.04)); rough = 0.1; spread = 0.3; wide = 0.13; } // two etched lines run round each block float etch = smoothstep(0.011, 0.006, abs(abs(p.y - 0.63) - 0.47)) * step(an.y, 0.5); float ao = (full > 0.5 ? capAO(p, gn) : 0.8) * (1.0 - 0.6 * etch); if (full < 0.5) wide += 0.3; vec3 s = vec3(0.0); if (spread > 0.0 && full > 0.5) { float w = 0.0; for (int i = -4; i <= 4; i++) { float f = float(i) / 4.0; float gg = exp(-2.4 * f * f); s += gg * envAll(p, reflect(rd, normalize(n + bit * f * spread)), rough); w += gg; } s /= w; } else s = envAll(p, reflect(rd, n), rough + spread * 0.5); if (full > 0.5) { vec4 m = tubeProxy(p + gn * 0.01, reflect(rd, n)); if (m.a > 0.0) s = mix(s, m.rgb, 0.85); } vec3 dl = KEYC * 1.3 * max(dot(n, LK), 0.0) * lightT(p) + vec3(0.3) * ao; return fres(BRASS, dot(-rd, n)) * (s * (0.3 + 0.7 * ao) * (1.0 - 0.5 * etch) + wide * dl); } vec3 outside(vec3 ro, vec3 rd){ float tg = rd.y < -1e-4 ? -ro.y / rd.y : 1e9; float ts = marchCap(ro, rd, 30); if (ts > 0.0 && ts < tg) { vec3 p = ro + rd * ts; return shadeCap(p, calcN(p), rd, 0.0) * 0.6 + BRASS * 0.22; } if (tg < 60.0) return mix(groundLite(ro + rd * tg), vec3(0.37, 0.35, 0.32), smoothstep(14.0, 60.0, tg)); return env(ro, rd, 0.0); } vec3 shadeBall(vec3 p, vec3 rd, float wet, float len){ vec3 n = normalize(p - vec3(uBall, H, 0.0)); vec3 r = reflect(rd, n); vec3 c = envAll(p, r, 0.02) + vec3(0.14, 0.145, 0.16) * smoothstep(0.0, 0.7, r.y); // down the bore it mirrors the column of colour, or the empty glass float al = smoothstep(0.72, 0.98, abs(r.x)); float near = smoothstep(1.3, 0.4, uBall - uFront); vec3 bore = r.x < 0.0 ? mix(c * 0.6, vec3(0.012, 0.06, 0.55), near) : c * 0.8; c = mix(c, bore, al); // light that reaches the wet side of the bead has crossed the liquid to get there if (wet > 0.5) c = c * exp(-SIG * min(len, 0.5)) + vec3(0.003, 0.012, 0.09) * smoothstep(0.0, 0.3, len); // where the bead all but touches the wall, it sees the glass and not the room c *= 1.0 - 0.3 * smoothstep(0.8, 1.0, length(n.yz)) * (1.0 - abs(r.x)); return fres(vec3(0.6, 0.61, 0.635), dot(-rd, n)) * c; } // A few air bubbles ride under the top of the bore, a little way back from the face of the liquid. vec4 bubble(int i){ float f = float(i); float back = 0.5 + f * 0.37 + 0.2 * h11(f * 7.3); float r = 0.014 + 0.017 * h11(f * 3.1 + 1.0); float a = (h11(f * 5.7 + 2.0) - 0.5) * 1.1 + 0.25 * uWave.x * sin(uWave.y * 0.7 + f * 2.0); float rr = R2 - r - 0.002; return vec4(uFront - back + 0.05 * uWave.x * sin(uWave.y + f), H + cos(a) * rr, -sin(a) * rr, r); } // One ray through the tube: air, glass wall, bore (liquid or air), wall again, and out. vec3 shadeTube(vec3 ro, vec3 rd, float t0){ vec3 o = ro + rd * t0; vec3 n = normalize(vec3(0.0, o.y - H, o.z)); float F = 0.04 + 0.96 * pow(1.0 - clamp(dot(-rd, n), 0.0, 1.0), 5.0); vec3 col = F * envAll(o, reflect(rd, n), 0.0); vec3 thr = vec3(1.0 - F); // white enamel graduations fired onto the outside of the glass float gi = (o.x - X0) / (X1 - X0) * TICKS; float gk = floor(gi + 0.5); if (gk > -0.5 && gk < TICKS + 0.5) { float phi = atan(o.y - H, -o.z); float major = step(abs(mod(gk + 0.5, 5.0) - 0.5), 0.1); float line = smoothstep(0.0075, 0.0045, abs(gi - gk) * (X1 - X0) / TICKS); float arc = smoothstep(mix(0.92, 0.6, major), mix(0.95, 0.63, major), phi) * smoothstep(1.3, 1.27, phi); float en = line * arc * 0.92; col += thr * en * vec3(0.9, 0.9, 0.87) * (KEYC * 1.2 * max(dot(n, LK), 0.0) + vec3(0.42)); thr *= 1.0 - en; } vec3 d = refract(rd, n, 1.0 / 1.5); int med = 1; bool wet = false; const vec3 GA = vec3(1.0, 0.4, 0.66); for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { float a0; float a1; float b0; float b1; if (med == 1) { bool hi = cylHit(o, d, R2, a0, a1); cylHit(o, d, R1, b0, b1); if (hi && a0 > 2e-4) { o += d * a0; thr *= exp(-GA * a0); vec3 nn = normalize(vec3(0.0, o.y - H, o.z)); wet = inLiq(o - nn * 0.004); vec3 r = refract(d, nn, wet ? 1.5 / 1.33 : 1.5); if (dot(r, r) < 0.5) d = reflect(d, nn); else { if (i == 0) col += thr * (wet ? 0.006 : 0.035) * envAll(o, reflect(d, nn), 0.0); d = r; med = 2; } } else { float tt = max(b1, 0.0); o += d * tt; thr *= exp(-GA * tt); vec3 nn = -normalize(vec3(0.0, o.y - H, o.z)); vec3 r = refract(d, nn, 1.5); if (dot(r, r) < 0.5) d = reflect(d, nn); else { d = r; med = 0; break; } } } else { cylHit(o, d, R2, a0, a1); float tw = max(a1, 0.0); float te = abs(d.x) > 1e-5 ? ((d.x > 0.0 ? XE : -XE) - o.x) / d.x : 1e9; float tb = ballHit(o, d); float tf = menHit(o, d); float tm = min(tw, te); if (wet) { float tq = 1e9; vec4 bq = vec4(0.0); for (int k = 0; k < 6; k++) { vec4 bb = bubble(k); if (bb.x < -XE + 0.05) continue; vec3 oc = o - bb.xyz; float bh = dot(oc, d); float hh = bh * bh - dot(oc, oc) + bb.w * bb.w; if (hh > 0.0) { float tt = -bh - sqrt(hh); if (tt > 0.0 && tt < tq) { tq = tt; bq = bb; } } } if (tq < tm && (tb < 0.0 || tq < tb) && (tf < 0.0 || tq < tf)) { // air in liquid: clear in the middle, a bright mirror ring round the edge vec3 bp = o + d * tq; vec3 bn = normalize(bp - bq.xyz); float e = 1.0 - clamp(dot(-d, bn), 0.0, 1.0); thr *= exp(-SIG * tq); vec3 ring = envAll(bp, reflect(d, bn), 0.05); return col + thr * mix(vec3(0.5, 0.75, 1.6) * 0.55, ring * 1.2, smoothstep(0.25, 0.7, e)) * (1.0 - 0.75 * smoothstep(0.86, 1.0, e)); } } if (tb > 0.0 && tb < tm && (tf < 0.0 || tb < tf)) { if (wet) thr *= exp(-SIG * tb); return col + thr * shadeBall(o + d * tb, d, wet ? 1.0 : 0.0, tb); } if (tf > 0.0 && tf < tm) { o += d * tf; if (wet) thr *= exp(-SIG * tf); vec3 nn = normalize(o - menC()); if (dot(nn, d) > 0.0) nn = -nn; vec3 r = refract(d, nn, wet ? 1.33 : 1.0 / 1.33); if (dot(r, r) < 0.5) d = reflect(d, nn); else { d = r; wet = !wet; } } else if (te < tw) { if (wet) thr *= exp(-SIG * te); return col + thr * BRASS * mix(0.3, 0.72, smoothstep(-R2, R2, (o + d * te).y - H)); } else { o += d * tw; if (wet) thr *= exp(-SIG * tw); vec3 nn = -normalize(vec3(0.0, o.y - H, o.z)); vec3 r = refract(d, nn, wet ? 1.33 / 1.5 : 1.0 / 1.5); if (dot(r, r) < 0.5) d = reflect(d, nn); else { d = r; med = 1; } } } } if (med == 0) col += thr * outside(o, d); else col += thr * vec3(0.3, 0.29, 0.27); return col; } // The paper is a satin stock: at a low angle it carries a soft image of what stands on it. vec4 mirrorLite(vec3 ro, vec3 rd){ vec4 m = tubeProxy(ro, rd); float best = m.a > 0.0 ? m.a : 1e9; vec3 c = m.rgb; float ts = marchCap(ro, rd, 26); if (ts > 0.0 && ts < best) { best = ts; vec3 p = ro + rd * ts; c = shadeCap(p, calcN(p), rd, 0.0); } return vec4(c, best < 1e8 ? exp(-best * 0.55) : 0.0); } vec3 shadeGround(vec3 gp, vec3 rd, vec2 rnd, float dist){ vec3 col = groundLite(gp); if (dot(gp.xz, gp.xz) < 40.0) { vec3 r = normalize(reflect(rd, vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)) + vec3(rnd.x, 0.0, rnd.y) * 0.035); float f = 0.03 + 0.97 * pow(1.0 - clamp(-rd.y, 0.0, 1.0), 5.0); vec4 m = mirrorLite(gp + vec3(0.0, 0.002, 0.0), r); col = mix(col, m.rgb, clamp(f * m.a * 1.6, 0.0, 0.6)); } return mix(col, vec3(0.37, 0.35, 0.32), smoothstep(14.0, 60.0, dist)); } void main(){ vec2 fc = gl_FragCoord.xy + uJit.xy; vec2 uv = (fc - 0.5 * uRes) / uRes.y - uShift; vec3 fw = normalize(uTgt - uCam); vec3 rt = normalize(cross(vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), fw)); vec3 up = cross(fw, rt); vec3 rd = normalize(fw * uFoc + rt * uv.x + up * uv.y); vec3 ro = uCam; vec3 fp = ro + rd * (uFocus / dot(rd, fw)); ro += rt * uJit.z + up * uJit.w; rd = normalize(fp - ro); float ign = fract(52.9829189 * fract(dot(gl_FragCoord.xy, vec2(0.06711056, 0.00583715))) + uSeed); float ang = ign * 6.2831853; float rr = sqrt(fract(ign * 7.13 + uSeed * 3.7)); vec2 rnd = vec2(cos(ang), sin(ang)) * rr * step(0.001, uSeed); float tg = rd.y < 0.0 ? -ro.y / rd.y : 1e9; float ts = marchCap(ro, rd, 56); float c0; float c1; float tc = -1.0; if (cylHit(ro, rd, R1, c0, c1) && c0 > 0.0 && abs(ro.x + rd.x * c0) < XE) tc = c0; vec3 col; if (ts > 0.0 && ts < tg && (tc < 0.0 || ts < tc)) { vec3 p = ro + rd * ts; col = shadeCap(p, calcN(p), rd, 1.0); } else if (tc > 0.0 && tc < tg) col = shadeTube(ro, rd, tc); else if (tg < 1e8) col = shadeGround(ro + rd * tg, rd, rnd, tg); else col = env(ro, rd, 0.0); col = min(col, vec3(24.0)); if (uDirect > 0.5) col = tone(col); outC = vec4(col, 1.0); } `; // Developing the negative: a little bloom off the hot highlights, the filmic curve, vignette, grain. const POST = ` precision highp float; uniform sampler2D uAcc; uniform vec2 uRes; uniform float uGrain; uniform vec2 uCentre; ${TONE} float h21(vec2 p){ vec3 q = fract(vec3(p.xyx) * 0.1031); q += dot(q, q.yzx + 33.33); return fract((q.x + q.y) * q.z); } void main(){ vec2 uv = gl_FragCoord.xy / uRes; vec3 c = texture2D(uAcc, uv).rgb; vec2 px = 1.0 / uRes; vec3 nb = texture2D(uAcc, uv + vec2(px.x, 0.0)).rgb + texture2D(uAcc, uv - vec2(px.x, 0.0)).rgb + texture2D(uAcc, uv + vec2(0.0, px.y)).rgb + texture2D(uAcc, uv - vec2(0.0, px.y)).rgb; c = max(c + (c - nb * 0.25) * 0.5, 0.0); vec3 b = vec3(0.0); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { float a = float(i) * 2.39996; float r = sqrt((float(i) + 0.5) / 20.0); vec3 s = texture2D(uAcc, uv + vec2(cos(a), sin(a)) * r * 0.022 * vec2(uRes.y / uRes.x, 1.0)).rgb; b += min(max(s - 1.5, 0.0), vec3(6.0)) * (1.0 - 0.6 * r); } c += b * 0.008; vec2 q = (uv - uCentre) * vec2(uRes.x / uRes.y, 1.0); c *= 1.0 - 0.3 * smoothstep(0.3, 1.2, length(q)); c = tone(c); float g = h21(gl_FragCoord.xy + uGrain * 91.7) - 0.5; c += g * 0.02; outC = vec4(c, 1.0); } `; // The scale printed on the paper in front of the tube, drawn once as a flat plan. function scalePrint() { const W = 2048, Hh = 256, px = W / 5.2; const cv = document.createElement("canvas"); cv.width = W; cv.height = Hh; const g = cv.getContext("2d"); if (!g) return cv; g.fillStyle = "#000"; g.fillRect(0, 0, W, Hh); g.fillStyle = "#fff"; g.textAlign = "center"; g.textBaseline = "top"; for (let v = 0; v <= MAX; v += MINOR) { const major = v % MAJOR === 0; const x = (xOf(v) + 2.6) * px, w = (major ? 0.026 : 0.013) * px; g.fillRect(x - w / 2, 0.03 * px, w, (major ? 0.2 : 0.1) * px); if (major) { g.font = `600 ${0.25 * px}px ${FONT}`; g.fillText(String(v), x, 0.3 * px); } } return cv; } // No WebGL: the same instrument from the side, built from gradients. function Still({ value }: { value: number }) { const f = value / MAX; return (

{[0, 1].map((i) => (

))}

); } export default function RayMarchedGlassTubeSlider() { const stage = useRef(null); const canvas = useRef(null); const hit = useRef(null); const [value, setValue] = useState(START); const [shown, setShown] = useState<"wait" | "gl" | "still">("wait"); const valRef = useRef(START); const api = useRef<{ go: (v: number, fromUser: boolean) => void } | null>(null); useEffect(() => { const box = stage.current, cv = canvas.current, pad = hit.current; if (!box || !cv || !pad) return; const reduce = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches; const opts = { antialias: false, alpha: false, powerPreference: "high-performance" as const }; const gl2 = cv.getContext("webgl2", opts) as WebGL2RenderingContext | null; const gl = (gl2 ?? cv.getContext("webgl", opts)) as WebGLRenderingContext | null; if (!gl) { setShown("still"); return; } const canAcc = !!gl2 && (!!gl2.getExtension("EXT_color_buffer_float") || !!gl2.getExtension("EXT_color_buffer_half_float")); const info = gl.getExtension("WEBGL_debug_renderer_info"); const renderer = info ? String(gl.getParameter(info.UNMASKED_RENDERER_WEBGL)) : ""; const software = /swiftshader|llvmpipe|software|basic render/i.test(renderer); const still = reduce || software; // no idle drift: draw, refine, then rest const head = gl2 ? "#version 300 es\n#define ATTR in\n" : "#define ATTR attribute\n"; const fhead = gl2 ? "#version 300 es\n#define texture2D texture\nprecision highp float;\nout vec4 outC;\n" : "#define outC gl_FragColor\n"; const compile = (type: number, src: string) => { const sh = gl.createShader(type); if (!sh) return null; gl.shaderSource(sh, src); gl.compileShader(sh); return gl.getShaderParameter(sh, gl.COMPILE_STATUS) ? sh : null; }; const link = (frag: string) => { const v = compile(gl.VERTEX_SHADER, head + VERT), f = compile(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER, fhead + frag); const p = gl.createProgram(); if (!v || !f || !p) return null; gl.attachShader(p, v); gl.attachShader(p, f); gl.bindAttribLocation(p, 0, "aPos"); gl.linkProgram(p); return gl.getProgramParameter(p, gl.LINK_STATUS) ? p : null; }; const scene = link(SCENE), post = canAcc ? link(POST) : null; if (!scene || (canAcc && !post)) { setShown("still"); return; } const U = (p: WebGLProgram, n: string) => gl.getUniformLocation(p, n); const su = Object.fromEntries(["uRes", "uJit", "uSeed", "uCam", "uTgt", "uFoc", "uShift", "uFocus", "uBall", "uFront", "uTilt", "uKey", "uWave", "uTex", "uDirect"].map((n) => [n, U(scene, n)])); const pu = post ? Object.fromEntries(["uAcc", "uRes", "uGrain", "uCentre"].map((n) => [n, U(post, n)])) : {}; const quad = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, quad); gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array([-1, -1, 3, -1, -1, 3]), gl.STATIC_DRAW); gl.enableVertexAttribArray(0); gl.vertexAttribPointer(0, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0); const tex = gl.createTexture(); gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, tex); gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, scalePrint()); gl.generateMipmap(gl.TEXTURE_2D); const aniso = gl.getExtension("EXT_texture_filter_anisotropic"); if (aniso) gl.texParameterf(gl.TEXTURE_2D, aniso.TEXTURE_MAX_ANISOTROPY_EXT, 8); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.LINEAR); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE); // The accumulation plate: every frame is one more exposure blended onto it. const acc = canAcc ? gl.createTexture() : null; const fbo = canAcc ? gl.createFramebuffer() : null; let W = 0, H = 0, scale = 1, cssW = 1, cssH = 1; const x0 = xOf(START); const s = { xb: x0, vb: 0, xf: x0, vf: 0, tilt: 0, vt: 0, wave: 0, phase: 0, target: x0, drag: false, grab: 0, px: 0, py: 0, sx: 0, sy: 0, key: 0.6, count: 0, fresh: true, frame: 0, slow: 0, visible: true, raf: 0, last: 0, t0: 0, touched: false, demoAt: 0, demoI: 0, first: true, }; const size = () => { const r = box.getBoundingClientRect(); cssW = Math.max(1, r.width); cssH = Math.max(1, r.height); const dpr = Math.min(software ? 1 : 1.5, window.devicePixelRatio || 1) * scale; // never more than about a million and a half pixels of tracing const k = Math.min(1, Math.sqrt(1.45e6 / (cssW * cssH * dpr * dpr))); const w = Math.max(2, Math.round(cssW * dpr * k)), h = Math.max(2, Math.round(cssH * dpr * k)); if (w === W && h === H) return; W = w; H = h; cv.width = W; cv.height = H; if (gl2 && acc && fbo) { gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE1); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, acc); gl2.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl2.RGBA16F, W, H, 0, gl.RGBA, gl2.HALF_FLOAT, null); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.LINEAR); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.LINEAR); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_2D, gl.TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl.CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, fbo); gl.framebufferTexture2D(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_2D, acc, 0); gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null); } s.count = 0; s.fresh = true; }; const halton = (i: number, b: number) => { let f = 1, r = 0; while (i > 0) { f /= b; r += f * (i % b); i = Math.floor(i / b); } return r; }; // The camera: a long lens, low and to the left, so the tube runs away from it. const camera = () => { const wide = cssW >= 1024, aspect = cssW / cssH; const el = (wide ? 0.33 : 0.4) - s.sy * 0.012, az = (wide ? -0.58 : -1.02) + s.sx * 0.05, dist = 12; const tgt = wide ? [0.2, 0.42, -0.5] : [0.1, 0.45, -0.35]; const cam = [tgt[0] + dist * Math.sin(az) * Math.cos(el), tgt[1] + dist * Math.sin(el), tgt[2] - dist * Math.cos(az) * Math.cos(el)]; const foc = wide ? 2.84 * Math.min(1, aspect / 1.55) : 2.5 * Math.min(1, aspect / 0.62); const fw = [tgt[0] - cam[0], tgt[1] - cam[1], tgt[2] - cam[2]]; const fl = Math.hypot(fw[0], fw[1], fw[2]); fw[0] /= fl; fw[1] /= fl; fw[2] /= fl; const rt = [fw[2], 0, -fw[0]]; const rl = Math.hypot(rt[0], rt[2]); rt[0] /= rl; rt[2] /= rl; const up = [fw[1] * rt[2] - fw[2] * rt[1], fw[2] * rt[0] - fw[0] * rt[2], fw[0] * rt[1] - fw[1] * rt[0]]; const shift = wide ? [0.1 * aspect, -0.137] : [0, 0.2]; return { cam, tgt, fw, rt, up, foc, shift, wide }; }; // Where along the tube a point on the screen is pointing. const pick = (cx: number, cy: number) => { const r = box.getBoundingClientRect(), c = camera(); const ux = (cx - r.left - r.width / 2) / r.height - c.shift[0], uy = (r.height / 2 - (cy - r.top)) / r.height - c.shift[1]; const d = [0, 1, 2].map((i) => c.fw[i] * c.foc + c.rt[i] * ux + c.up[i] * uy); // the point on the tube's axis that passes closest to that ray const w = [c.cam[0], c.cam[1] - AXIS, c.cam[2]]; const dd = d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2], dw = d[0] * w[0] + d[1] * w[1] + d[2] * w[2]; const den = dd - d[0] * d[0]; return den < 1e-6 ? s.xb : (dd * w[0] - d[0] * dw) / den; }; const draw = (alpha: number, sample: number) => { const c = camera(); const jx = sample ? halton(sample, 2) - 0.5 : 0, jy = sample ? halton(sample, 3) - 0.5 : 0; const la = halton(sample, 5) * Math.PI * 2, lr = sample ? Math.sqrt(halton(sample, 7)) * 0.062 : 0; gl.useProgram(scene); gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, canAcc ? fbo : null); gl.viewport(0, 0, W, H); if (canAcc && alpha < 1) { gl.enable(gl.BLEND); gl.blendColor(0, 0, 0, alpha); gl.blendFunc(gl.CONSTANT_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA); } else gl.disable(gl.BLEND); gl.uniform2f(su.uRes, W, H); gl.uniform4f(su.uJit, canAcc ? jx : 0, canAcc ? jy : 0, canAcc ? Math.cos(la) * lr : 0, canAcc ? Math.sin(la) * lr : 0); gl.uniform1f(su.uSeed, canAcc && sample ? (sample * 0.61803) % 1 || 0.5 : 0); gl.uniform3f(su.uCam, c.cam[0], c.cam[1], c.cam[2]); gl.uniform3f(su.uTgt, c.tgt[0], c.tgt[1], c.tgt[2]); gl.uniform1f(su.uFoc, c.foc); gl.uniform2f(su.uShift, c.shift[0], c.shift[1]); // focus rides on the bead gl.uniform1f(su.uFocus, (s.xb - c.cam[0]) * c.fw[0] + (AXIS - c.cam[1]) * c.fw[1] + (-0.2 - c.cam[2]) * c.fw[2]); gl.uniform1f(su.uBall, s.xb); gl.uniform1f(su.uFront, s.xf - 0.2); gl.uniform1f(su.uTilt, s.tilt); gl.uniform1f(su.uKey, s.key); gl.uniform2f(su.uWave, s.wave, s.phase); gl.uniform1i(su.uTex, 0); gl.uniform1f(su.uDirect, canAcc ? 0 : 1); gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, 3); if (canAcc && post) { gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, null); gl.disable(gl.BLEND); gl.useProgram(post); gl.uniform1i(pu.uAcc, 1); gl.uniform2f(pu.uRes, W, H); gl.uniform1f(pu.uGrain, still ? 1 : s.frame % 64); gl.uniform2f(pu.uCentre, 0.5, c.wide ? 0.4 : 0.66); gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, 3); } }; const go = (v: number, fromUser: boolean) => { const k = Math.max(0, Math.min(MAX, Math.round(v))); if (fromUser) s.touched = true; s.target = xOf(k); if (k !== valRef.current) { valRef.current = k; setValue(k); } if (reduce) { s.xb = s.xf = s.target; s.vb = s.vf = 0; s.tilt = 0; s.vt = 0; s.count = 0; } wake(); }; api.current = { go }; const frame = (now: number) => { s.raf = 0; if (!s.visible) return; const dtRaw = s.last ? (now - s.last) / 1000 : 0.016; const dt = Math.min(0.033, dtRaw); s.last = now; s.frame++; if (!s.t0) { s.t0 = now; s.demoAt = now + 3800; } // the self-running demo: it opens finished, holds, then doses up and down until someone touches it if (!still && !s.touched && !s.drag && now > s.demoAt) { go(DEMO[s.demoI % DEMO.length], false); s.demoI++; s.demoAt = now + 2700; } let moving = false; if (!reduce) { const stiff = s.drag ? 620 : 150, damp = s.drag ? 40 : 14.5; const steps = 4, h = dt / steps; for (let i = 0; i < steps; i++) { // the bead: a heavy ball on a spring, one small overshoot s.vb += (stiff * (s.target - s.xb) - damp * s.vb) * h; s.xb += s.vb * h; // the liquid runs after it, later and looser, and cannot pass it const af = 64 * (s.xb - s.xf) - 7.5 * s.vf; s.vf += af * h; s.xf += s.vf * h; let kick = 0; if (s.xf >= s.xb) { if (s.vf > s.vb) { kick = s.vf - s.vb; s.vf = s.vb; } s.xf = s.xb; } // and its face rocks: thrown back as it sets off, slapped as it arrives s.vt += (-170 * s.tilt - 6.5 * s.vt - af * 0.11) * h + kick * 0.05; s.tilt = Math.max(-0.13, Math.min(0.13, s.tilt + s.vt * h)); s.wave = Math.min(1, s.wave + kick * 0.5 + Math.abs(s.vf) * h * 0.9); } s.wave *= Math.exp(-dt * 1.9); s.phase += dt * 10.5; if (s.wave > 0.004) moving = true; else s.wave = 0; if (Math.abs(s.vb) > 0.002 || Math.abs(s.target - s.xb) > 0.0005 || Math.abs(s.xb - s.xf) > 0.0005 || Math.abs(s.vf) > 0.002 || Math.abs(s.tilt) > 0.0008 || Math.abs(s.vt) > 0.004) moving = true; else { s.xb = s.xf = s.target; s.vb = s.vf = 0; s.tilt = 0; s.vt = 0; } } if (!still) { s.sx += (s.px - s.sx) * (1 - Math.exp(-dt * 3)); s.sy += (s.py - s.sy) * (1 - Math.exp(-dt * 3)); const t = (now - s.t0) / 1000; s.key = 0.6 + Math.sin(t * 0.4 + 0.4) * 2.2 + s.sx * 2; moving = true; } const fast = Math.abs(s.vb) > 0.12 || Math.abs(s.vf) > 0.12 || Math.abs(s.vt) > 0.25; if (s.fresh || !canAcc) { draw(1, 0); s.fresh = false; s.count = 1; } else if (moving) { draw(fast ? 0.55 : still ? 0.5 : 0.09, 1 + (s.frame % 64)); s.count = still ? 1 : 6; } else if (s.count < 40) { s.count++; draw(1 / s.count, s.count); } if (s.first) { s.first = false; setShown("gl"); } // measured, not guessed: if frames run long for a while, give up some resolution if (!still && dtRaw > 0.026) s.slow++; else s.slow = Math.max(0, s.slow - 2); if (s.slow > 45 && scale > 0.5) { scale *= 0.82; s.slow = 0; size(); } if (moving || s.count < 40 || (!still && !s.touched)) s.raf = requestAnimationFrame(frame); }; const wake = () => { if (!s.raf && s.visible) { s.last = 0; s.raf = requestAnimationFrame(frame); } }; size(); const ro = new ResizeObserver(() => { size(); wake(); }); ro.observe(box); const io = new IntersectionObserver(([e]) => { s.visible = e.isIntersecting && !document.hidden; if (s.visible) wake(); }, { threshold: 0.05 }); io.observe(box); const vis = () => { s.visible = !document.hidden; if (s.visible) wake(); }; document.addEventListener("visibilitychange", vis); let id = -1; const down = (e: PointerEvent) => { id = e.pointerId; s.drag = true; s.touched = true; const x = pick(e.clientX, e.clientY); // take hold of the bead where it is, or call it over to where you pressed s.grab = Math.abs(x - s.xb) < 0.55 ? s.xb - x : 0; try { pad.setPointerCapture(id); } catch { /* the pointer is already gone */ } go(vOf(x + s.grab), true); }; const move = (e: PointerEvent) => { const r = box.getBoundingClientRect(); s.px = ((e.clientX - r.left) / r.width) * 2 - 1; s.py = ((e.clientY - r.top) / r.height) * 2 - 1; if (s.drag && e.pointerId === id) { const x = Math.max(X0, Math.min(X1, pick(e.clientX, e.clientY) + s.grab)); s.target = x; const k = vOf(x); if (k !== valRef.current) { valRef.current = k; setValue(k); } } if (!still || s.drag) wake(); }; const upFn = (e: PointerEvent) => { if (!s.drag || e.pointerId !== id) return; s.drag = false; go(valRef.current, true); }; const leave = () => { s.px = 0; s.py = 0; }; pad.addEventListener("pointerdown", down); box.addEventListener("pointermove", move); pad.addEventListener("pointerup", upFn); pad.addEventListener("pointercancel", upFn); box.addEventListener("pointerleave", leave); const lost = (e: Event) => { e.preventDefault(); setShown("still"); }; cv.addEventListener("webglcontextlost", lost); wake(); return () => { cancelAnimationFrame(s.raf); ro.disconnect(); io.disconnect(); document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange", vis); pad.removeEventListener("pointerdown", down); box.removeEventListener("pointermove", move); pad.removeEventListener("pointerup", upFn); pad.removeEventListener("pointercancel", upFn); box.removeEventListener("pointerleave", leave); cv.removeEventListener("webglcontextlost", lost); api.current = null; }; }, []); const change = (v: number) => { if (api.current) api.current.go(v, true); else { valRef.current = v; setValue(v); } }; const pct = (value / MAX) * 100; return (

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